Initial research of cord blood leptin, adiponectin and IGF-I with fetus growth and development

Abstract

Objective: In order to reveal the relationship between cord blood leptin, adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and the fetus growth and development, and discuss the interaction and clinical significance on fetus growth and development.

Methods: The levels of cord blood leptin, adiponectin, IGF-I in 86 newborns were examined by radio immunoassay, according to gestation age and birth weight percentile relation, the objects were divided into the SGA group (n = 16), the AGA group (n = 41), the LGA group (n = 29), meanwhile, neonatal birth weight, body length, head circumference, foot length, and placental weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was computed. Dependability analysis was taken.

Results: The levels of cord blood leptin, adiponectin and IGF-I were as follows: LGA group > AGA group > SGA group. The level of cord blood adiponectin was positively correlated with birth weight, placental weight and BMI (p < .05). Cord blood leptin and IGF-I concentrations were positively correlated with their birth weight, body length, head circumference, foot length, placental weight and BMI, respectively (p < .01), cord blood leptin was positively correlated with adiponectin and IGF-I (p < .01). The levels of cord blood leptin and adiponectin had no statistical significance with neonatal sexuality and deliver style (p > .05); the levels of cord blood IGF-I had no statistical significance with neonatal sexuality (p > .05), but had statistical significance with deliver style (p < .05).

Conclusions: Cord blood leptin, adiponectin and IGF-I played an important part in adjusting fetus growth and development as well as participating in the process of fetus growth and development, and could be regarded as one of the clinical indexes to evaluate fetus growth and development or state of nutrition. The abnormal level of cord blood leptin and IGF-I might be one of the reasons to cause intrauterine growth retardation and fetal macrosomia.