Study on the relationship of iodine nutritional status with thyroid function and autoantibodies in pregnant women in Baotou

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship of iodine nutritional status with thyroid function in pregnant women in Baotou, and provide a scientific basis for the guide of reasonable iodine supplementation.

Methods: By use of As-Ce catalysis spectrophotometry, the urinary iodine concentration was determined in 90 women during different periods of pregnancy admitted to Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia from January 2017 to December 2017. The determination of thyroid function and the autoantibody level was carried out by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA).

Results: In the early trimester of pregnancy, pregnant women with iodine deficiency, iodine sufficiency and iodine excess accounted for 36.67%, 40.00% and 23.33% respectively; in the middle trimester of pregnancy, they accounted for 66.67%, 26.67% and 6.66% respectively; they made up 40.00%, 40.00% and 20.00% respectively in the late trimester of pregnancy. The rate of iodine deficiency in women in the middle trimester of pregnancy was significantly higher than that in women in the early and the late trimesters of pregnancy respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p < .05). The rate of iodine deficiency in pregnant women was positively correlated to the positivity of thyroid peroxidase antibody. Moreover, it had no relationship with the positivity of thyroglobulin antibody. No matter in the pregnant women with iodine deficiency or with iodine excess, the abnormality rate of thyroid function and autoantibodies was significantly higher than that in the pregnant women with iodine sufficiency. The difference was statistically significant (p < .05).

Conclusions: The iodine deficiency in the women in the middle trimester of pregnancy is more severe than that in the women in the early and the late trimesters of pregnancy. Iodine deficiency during pregnancy is positively correlated with the positivity of thyroid peroxidase antibody. Pregnant women with iodine deficiency and iodine excess show a higher abnormality rate of thyroid function and autoantibodies. It is recommended to advocate health education on iodine nutrition to pregnant women, and conduct the dynamic monitoring of urinary iodine concentration and the screening of thyroid function and autoantibodies during pregnancy.