Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Complex infection in Acquired Immunedeficiency Syndrome patient

Abstract

In the United States, the most common non-tuberculous species causing human diseases are slowly growing species; Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and Mycobacterium kansasii and rapidly growing species; Mycobacterium abscessus. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy and MAC prophylaxis, disseminated MAC disease is seen infrequently. We report a case of 33-Year-old HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), non-compliant patient presented with disseminated MAC disease. Sputum AFB smear, culture, and Bone marrow biopsy revealed Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare by DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) probe. Following confirmation, he was initiated on Clarithromycin, Ethambutol and Rifabutin for one year of duration with follow up as outpatient.