Factors associated with poor adherence amongst patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at the Oshakati intermediate hospital in Namibia

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore factors that influence poor adherence to ART among patients at Intermediate Hospital Oshakati in the Oshana region, which is a rural area in Namibia.

Methodology: An explorative, qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews among twelve patients (n = 12) identified as poor adherents, which was triangulated with data collected from four key informants (health-workers) in the facility. Eligible participants were purposively selected. Data were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic and content analysis of transcribed data was conducted.

Results: The study results indicated that defaulting ARVs is a huge challenge to HIV/AIDS management. The reasons given by the participants for defaulting were multifaceted and included social factors such as spiritual believe, cultural believes, stigma and discrimination. Patient related factors were also among factors found contributing to non-adherence; these include poor understanding of treatment regimen, forgetfulness, alcohol intake, lack of commitment, travelling and illiteracy.

Conclusions: People living with HIV/AIDS are still facing major challenges, such as stigma, discrimination by family members and people in the community as well as at work and these challenges hamper adherence. In view of this it is recommended that a HIV related program should put more emphasis on reduction of stigma and discrimination in work places as well as in the community.